PhenoTyper: 2.5 days Spontaneous behavior (Kinematics)

LSID: http://syli.cz/urn:lsid:public.sylics.com:automatedtest:A987-2A5G-2G3B

Materials and Methods
Mice were singly housed on sawdust in standard Makrolon type II cages enriched with cardboard nesting material for at least one week prior to experiments, with water and food ad libitum (7:00/19:00 lights on/off; providing an abrupt phase transition).

Activity in the home cage was automatically recorded by video tracking in specially designed cages (PhenoTyper model 3000, Noldus Information Technology, www.noldus.com/phenotyper). Each cage contains a top unit with built-in hardware for video-tracking, that is, an infrared-sensitive video camera. The latter provide constant and even illumination of the cage. An infrared filter placed in front of the camera prevents interference with room illumination. This method allows continuous behavioural recordings in both dark and light periods. EthoVision was used as video tracking and trial control software. PhenoTyper cages were connected in a specially designed computer network. The cages (L =30 × W =30 × H =35 cm) were made of transparent Perspex walls with an opaque Perspex floor covered with bedding based on cellulose. A feeding station and a water bottle were attached on to two adjacent walls outside of the cage. A shelter (height: 10 cm, diameter: 9 cm; non-transparent material) was fixed in one of the corners. The X-Y coordinates of the centre of gravity of mice were acquired and smoothed using EthoVision software and processed to generate behavioural parameters using AHCODA analysis software (Synaptologics BV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, http://www.sylics.com/bioinformatics/ahcodatm-data-analysis/).

Associated Mammalian Phenotype Ontologies (MGI)
- MP:0001392 abnormal locomotor behaviour

Spontaneous behavior
With respect to spontaneous behaviors in the first three days in the PhenoTyper, 6 groups of behavioral parameters are defined as described below. The first two groups describe specific behavioral elements related to kinematics of mice (description of movement characteristics, group1) and sheltering behavior (group 2). These behavioral parameters were analyzed with respect to temporal aspects, in particular over 4 different time scales, i.e., habituation effects across multiple days (group 3), effects of DarkLight phase across 24h (group 4), differences in the pattern of behavior in the few hours before and after phase shifts (group5), and differences in activity bout properties on the sub-minute time scale (group 6).

Group 1: kinematics
Movement segments:
Mice make short movements, such as turning or rearing against the wall, as well as long movements when mice travel from one location in the cage to the next. These two types of movement, i.e. short and long, can be distinguished by plotting the frequency distribution of all move segment distances over three days in the cage, yielded a bimodal distribution. For instance, see the "histogram of movement distance" at the bottom of this page for C57BL/6J mice:
http://mousedata.sylics.com/?page=strainhtp&loaded=true&s=11&htpid=53&e=9&batch=1&t=&texp=&list=batches&tdose=
An animal-centered threshold that was defined by the intersection of the two Gaussian distance curves obtained after Gaussian mixture model fitting of data of each individual mouse.
Arrest segments:
Most arrest durations are relatively short, and occur in between move segments when mice reorient themselves. In addition, mice infrequently made long arrests when they were consuming food or water, or when they were resting outside their shelter. An animal-centered threshold was set distinguishing the 90% shortest arrests (short) from the 10% longest arrests (long), separating brief from long arrests. For instance, see the "histogram of arrest durations" at the bottom of this page for C57BL/6J mice:
http://mousedata.sylics.com/?page=strainhtp&loaded=true&s=11&htpid=55&e=9&batch=1&t=&texp=&list=batches&tdose=




Parameter information

Parameter name	Units	Explanation
Long movement fraction of total movement	fraction	The fraction of movement segments with distance larger than long movement threshold.
*Long movement max. velocity	cm/s	Average velocity of the 95th percentile fastest long movement segments.
*Long arrest threshold	log2(s)	Cut-off value to separate short and long arrests.
Short arrest duration - dark	s	Cumulative duration of short arrests during the dark phase.
Mean short arrest duration - dark	s	Mean duration per short arrest during the dark phase.
Short arrest number - dark	frequency	Cumulative number of short arrests during the dark phase.
Long arrest duration - dark	s	Cumulative duration of long arrests during the dark phase.
Mean long arrest duration - dark	s	Mean duration per long arrest during the dark phase.
Long arrest number - dark	frequency	Cumulative number of long arrests during the dark phase.
Long movement distance - dark	cm	Cumulative long movement distance during the dark phase.
Mean long movement distance - dark	cm	Mean distance per long movement during the dark phase.
Long movement number - dark	frequency	Cumulative long movement number during the dark phase.
Short movement distance - dark	cm	Cumulative short movement distance during the dark phase.
Mean short movement distance - dark	cm	Mean distance per short movement during the dark phase.
Short movement number - dark	frequency	Cumulative short movement number during the dark phase.
Short arrest duration - light	s	Cumulative duration of short arrests during the light phase.
Mean short arrest duration - light	s	Mean duration per short arrest during the light phase.
Short arrest number - light	frequency	Cumulative number of short arrests during the light phase.
Long arrest duration - light	s	Cumulative duration of long arrests during the light phase.
*Mean long arrest duration - light	s	Mean duration per long arrest during the light phase.
Long arrest number - light	frequency	Cumulative number of long arrests during the light phase.
Long movement distance - light	cm	Cumulative long movement distance during the light phase.
Mean long movement distance - light	cm	Mean distance per long movement during the light phase.
Long movement number - light	frequency	Cumulative long movement number during the light phase.
Short movement distance - light	cm	Cumulative short movement distance during the light phase.
Mean short movement distance - light	cm	Mean distance per short movement during the light phase.
Short movement number - light	frequency	Cumulative short movement number during the light phase.
*Long movement threshold	log2(cm)	Cut-off value to separate short and long movements.